About two-thirds of Covina's homes were built before 1970, and many from that era still have some original galvanized steel supply pipe, which corrodes from the inside after a few decades.
Covina was founded in 1884, incorporated in 1901, and by 1909 counted as the third-largest orange producer of its day. The groves gave way to homes long ago. The City's 6th cycle Housing Element, certified in March 2024, puts about two-thirds of the housing stock before 1970 and about 58% as single-family detached homes. City code enforcement staff estimate about 30% of homes need some repair and about 10% need major rehabilitation. Supply plumbing is one of the systems that ages out first in houses like these.
What galvanized pipe is and why it fails
Galvanized pipe is steel coated with zinc. Moen's guide to galvanized plumbing says homes built before 1960 are likely to have it, that it works well when new, and that problems start to show after 30 or 40 years. As the zinc wears away, rust builds inside the pipe. Pressure drops, water can turn rust colored, and leaks show up, often at threaded joints hidden in walls. Moen also notes that corroded galvanized pipe can raise lead or heavy metal concerns.
Covina's water adds to the story. The City's 2025 water quality report averages hardness at 230 mg/L, about 13.5 grains per gallon, which is very hard. Golden State Water's San Dimas system reports about 12 grains per gallon. Hard water and old steel pipe together mean scale and rust both narrow the line. Our Covina water suppliers and hardness guide has the numbers for each supplier.
How to tell what is in your walls
Look at exposed pipe where it leaves the wall under a sink, at the hose bibs, at the water heater and in the attic or crawl space. Moen suggests scratching the pipe with a coin or screwdriver. Copper shows a bright penny color. Galvanized steel or iron looks metallic gray. PEX is plastic tubing, usually red, blue or white. Many older Covina homes are a mix, with copper added during a kitchen remodel and galvanized still feeding a back bathroom. One section of new pipe does not mean the whole house was done.